134481920 FDC3599F-BA45-4959-AD8E-E8EEC6FAF920 200 appId BAtzdHJlYW10eXBlZIHoA4QBQISEhAhOU1N0cmluZwGEhAhOU09iamVjdACFhAErBTEu OC40hg== demoId BAtzdHJlYW10eXBlZIHoA4QBQISEhAZOU0RhdGUAhIQITlNPYmplY3QAhYQBZIMVkCIK /meyQYY= documentId BAtzdHJlYW10eXBlZIHoA4QBQISEhAZOU0RhdGUAhIQITlNPYmplY3QAhYQBZIMVkCIK /meyQYY= documentPeak BAtzdHJlYW10eXBlZIHoA4QBQISEhAZOU0RhdGUAhIQITlNPYmplY3QAhYQBZIOrCAtm m8qzQYY= minorModelVersion 2 modelVersion 2 331486443.86920201778411865234 0 0 332045158.07556301355361938477 332045158.07556301355361938477 0 0 0 0 0 0 unilateral peripheral cn 7 lesion: forehead and lower face paresis? 5 0 0 ipsilateral forehead and lower face paresis. although there may be fibers crossing midline which would result in some ipsilateral movement. A07EF554-FB86-4509-B5A2-04B10B5CB6A1-827-00001871F1B8D4D7 5 331488926.61873602867126464844 0 0 332045158.08448499441146850586 332045159.08448499441146850586 0 0 0 0 0 0 where is the lesion? bilateral foveal vision with large field cuts bilaterally 5 0 0 hysteria/panic attack vs bilat end stage glaucoma vs ? 61C58ED1-FE95-488C-B02F-0ADCDA3F1466-827-00001871F2410648 5 331428123.02320998907089233398 0 0 332045158.05605298280715942383 332045158.05605298280715942383 0 0 0 0 0 0 describe pathway: efferent motor tract 5 0 0 EAAF4DD0-09DE-4F28-92CD-D08418CA1DA7-827-00001871F08F13FE 5 1 331688493.68610697984695434570 0 syndromes 100 0 0 AAC3190C-2847-493E-97BD-44D441EE741A-827-00001871F0A0A4B4 0 0 0 0 5 0 5 331428111.28719300031661987305 0 0 332045158.05530500411987304688 332045159.05530500411987304688 0 0 0 0 0 0 describe pathway: unconscious proprioception 5 0 0 09D42888-2D63-4BC2-AEE4-276B8DAE0E22-827-00001871F083BBE8 5 331951999.11894601583480834961 0 0 332045158.10182601213455200195 332045159.10182601213455200195 0 0 0 0 0 0 generic name: zonisamide (brand name) -major use -major adverse effects 5 0 0 zonegran -AED (partial/general) -sedation, renal stones, weight loss BD1A10B6-5FF4-4C48-A400-3068388C915C-827-00001871F3499DF5 5 331429638.78258597850799560547 0 0 332045158.07181799411773681641 332045158.07181799411773681641 0 0 0 0 0 0 weakness only. face/arm/leg equally and densely affected. localizes to? 5 0 0 internal capsule A03792C8-DDE4-4557-913C-B17800D4E71B-827-00001871F17FB1E3 5 331492120.48137497901916503906 0 0 332045158.08671402931213378906 332045159.08671402931213378906 0 0 0 0 0 0 vertical nystagmus 5 0 0 brainstem dysfunction. intoxication with XXX. 83B550A2-F6FB-4472-969F-666747453AFC-827-00001871F262D0F0 5 331428104.53534501791000366211 0 0 332045158.05456799268722534180 332045159.05456799268722534180 0 0 0 0 0 0 describe pathway: light touch 5 0 0 E3DFDC60-FC68-402E-8313-9BF310B28B27-827-00001871F0787836 5 332044682.91956502199172973633 0 0 332045158.11634701490402221680 332045159.11634701490402221680 0 0 0 0 0 0 uncal/tonsilar herniation syndrome pupils signs? 5 0 0 lateral compressive forces lead to asymmetric herniation. ipsilateral CN III palsy (dilation, downward/outward deviation). then progresses to central herniation syndrome. 0F27FE20-39DF-4BA7-9297-FB4D5CDAA318-827-00001871F4265EB9 5 331951690.51869797706604003906 0 0 332045158.09592700004577636719 332045158.09592700004577636719 0 0 0 0 0 0 generic name: phenobarbital (brand name) -major use -major adverse effects 5 0 0 -AED (partial/general) -sedation 393D7727-F0B6-43E3-AAC5-1E4331DBC613-827-00001871F2EF9599 5 331951964.99081397056579589844 0 0 332045158.10109800100326538086 332045158.10109800100326538086 0 0 0 0 0 0 generic name: oxcarbazepine (brand name) -major use -major adverse effects 5 0 0 trileptal -AED (partial) -sedation, hyponatremia E75320F8-A51C-440B-9F4E-18C197337FC3-827-00001871F33E86A5 5 1 332006004.86982500553131103516 0 reflexes 100 0 0 FE893F69-D289-4FAB-B995-FC13F5E54668-827-00001871F36BB4A6 0 0 0 0 5 0 5 331429180.39902001619338989258 0 0 332045158.06885302066802978516 332045159.06885302066802978516 0 0 0 0 0 0 syndrome 3: clumsy-hand/dysarthria. localization? 5 0 0 slurred speech and arm ataxia is lacunar syndrome 3. localizes to internal capsule, corona radiata, or pons. 094818D3-B8C6-4A7F-A311-ECC8B6EC54EB-827-00001871F1526EC9 5 332007498.10545301437377929688 0 0 332045158.11138600111007690430 332045159.11138600111007690430 0 0 0 0 0 0 chaddock's sign oppenheimer's sign 5 0 0 dorsiflexion of big toe 2/2 lateral foot scrape downwards shin scrape DD8A4178-71D6-4FA3-8285-335CAC3FA1B9-827-00001871F3DB7F73 5 331428718.74602699279785156250 0 0 332045158.06308197975158691406 332045159.06308197975158691406 0 0 0 0 0 0 agraphia 5 0 0 inability to write C31F021B-FFCF-4F7F-AA8A-30A0320FEB67-827-00001871F0FA6439 5 331489043.85695600509643554688 0 0 332045158.08522397279739379883 332045158.08522397279739379883 0 0 0 0 0 0 MLF syndrome/Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (bilateral MLF lesion) 5 0 0 neither eye can look medially, but convergence (and MR function) is intact. D48B3E40-D515-4E4C-873B-F2871C11460D-827-00001871F24C4EA6 5 331428804.78611499071121215820 0 0 332045158.06661200523376464844 332045159.06661200523376464844 0 0 0 0 0 0 apraxia 5 0 0 inability to perform a learned skilled movemnet in the absence of another explanation such as weakness, sensory loss, or inability to understand task. 5301BE0C-6DA4-427C-8021-75E9AF53F3E9-827-00001871F1303992 5 332044566.45555299520492553711 0 0 332045158.11380898952484130859 332045158.11380898952484130859 0 0 0 0 0 0 central herniation syndrome pupils? 5 0 0 small/reactive->midposition/fixed 3759CC5E-CBA4-497A-9B7D-80BCD66C3820-827-00001871F3FF7FFE 5 331419027.20504397153854370117 0 0 332045158.05235099792480468750 332045159.05235099792480468750 0 0 0 0 0 0 describe pathway: pain/temperature pathway 5 0 0 peripheral nociceptors -> nerve -> dorsal root ganglion -> dorsal horn -> cross through grey matter to contralateral spinothalamic tract over two spinal levels (anterolateral aspect of cord) -> ascends to thalamus VPL (ventral posterolateral nucleus)-> sensory cortex (such as postcentral gyrus 89C70728-6F84-49CA-B665-A7086FD9D666-827-00001871F056B053 5 1 331418102.67455500364303588867 0 neuro- central 100 0 0 7A2C6D74-1D9C-4241-82A6-A6839B9E404F-827-00001871EFE1D494 0 0 0 0 5 0 5 331486961.35275602340698242188 0 0 332045158.07930600643157958984 332045159.07930600643157958984 0 0 0 0 0 0 where is the lesion? bitemporal hemianopia 5 0 0 optic chiasm (defecit in crossing fibers). 005BC6ED-16D5-43C4-804D-14AD57C4CF06-827-00001871F1F1C86C 5 331951576.91868799924850463867 0 0 332045158.09444200992584228516 332045158.09444200992584228516 0 0 0 0 0 0 generic name: carbamazepine (brand name) -major use -major adverse effects 5 0 0 tegretol -AED (partial) -hyponatremia, agranulocytosis, diplopia 25A77EF7-2961-424E-86ED-AABCA649ADFB-827-00001871F2D8F0DD 5 331504881.74215501546859741211 0 0 332045158.09260302782058715820 332045158.09260302782058715820 0 0 0 0 0 0 -ipsilat horner's -ipsilat limb ataxia -ipsilat face numbness/pain -contralat body numbness/pain -gait ataxia -vertigo/N/V/dizzyness/nystagmus (CN 8) -dysphagia/dysarthria (CN 9/10/12 palsy) 5 0 0 PICA syndrome or wallenburg syndrome (lateral medullary infarction) 20291CA9-FEC7-410A-BD69-864614482794-827-00001871F2BCE5CC 5 332006261.09633499383926391602 0 0 332045158.10989600419998168945 332045159.10989600419998168945 0 0 0 0 0 0 anal reflex 5 0 0 S2,3,4 E285418A-3BCE-4B2D-9949-C05A2B553869-827-00001871F3C4BC43 5 331429672.43856698274612426758 0 0 332045158.07256299257278442383 332045158.07256299257278442383 0 0 0 0 0 0 unilateral or bilat weakness, diplopia, vertigo, dysarthria or weakness. dense hemiparesis. ocular or oropharyngeal dysphagia. motor posturing. localizes to? 5 0 0 brainstem. 33E420A4-7672-4677-9681-8556818CA4CB-827-00001871F18B0CBF 5 331418728.89855998754501342773 0 0 332045158.04859197139739990234 332045159.04859197139739990234 0 0 0 0 0 0 CN Function CN 9 5 0 0 -tastes (middle tongue) -salivates (parotid) -swallows (so does 10) -carotid autonomic sensory 5B3A45B8-C47D-4D69-B5B5-599CDE88188A-827-00001871F01D4FE2 5 331503817.07768100500106811523 0 0 332045158.08891600370407104492 332045158.08891600370407104492 0 0 0 0 0 0 horner's syndrome s/s 5 0 0 sympathetic: tarsal muscle deficit with slight ptosis (mullers muscle, NOT sup lev palpebrae, but they are adjoining) constricted pupil (radial ciliary muscle deficit) slow re-dilation of pupil decreased sweating D8B3EFD5-CC43-4200-84D6-9F39B5D5C089-827-00001871F284A20F 5 332044404.31542897224426269531 0 0 332045158.11296999454498291016 332045158.11296999454498291016 0 0 0 0 0 0 central herniation syndrome respiratory progression? 5 0 0 regular--> cheynestrokes -> hyperventilation/CS-> ataxic -> irregular/none 2036F74C-35E9-475F-A8F8-989FDED55700-827-00001871F3F2D045 5 332007220.24285900592803955078 0 0 332045158.11063599586486816406 332045158.11063599586486816406 0 0 0 0 0 0 cremasteric 5 0 0 2A79D5E0-3008-4A24-B74D-04970CCBA882-827-00001871F3D009F1 5 332006190.68174099922180175781 0 0 332045158.10622799396514892578 332045159.10622799396514892578 0 0 0 0 0 0 biceps 5 0 0 C5,6 137108A1-8B57-4911-81BE-420D700B40D4-827-00001871F38CC290 5 331951636.01472800970077514648 0 0 332045158.09518802165985107422 332045158.09518802165985107422 0 0 0 0 0 0 generic name: valproic acid (brand name) -major use -major adverse effects 5 0 0 depakote -AED (partial/general/absence) -GI s/s, tremor, weight gain, hair loss, hepatotoxicity, thrombocytopenia 1517E9FC-9604-4D83-9144-CD3C23688EE0-827-00001871F2E45169 5 331428334.95912599563598632812 0 0 332045158.05862498283386230469 332045159.05862498283386230469 0 0 0 0 0 0 abulia, transcortical motor aphasia/no gaze dev/R leg weakness/R leg numbness/normal vision 5 0 0 describe the infarct syndrome: cognition/gaze/motor/ sensory/vision LEFT ACA B0441122-6AA2-47F4-9DF2-4BBBFFEEFA7F-827-00001871F0B662F7 5 331418673.70666801929473876953 0 0 332045158.04785400629043579102 332045158.04785400629043579102 0 0 0 0 0 0 CN Function CN 7 5 0 0 -moves face/closes eyes -tastes (front of tongue) -salivates (everything except parotid (9)) -lacrimates (parasympathetic too) -stapedius (primary sound attentuation muscle) 4E7446CD-465D-48F6-8AFE-F20DC6A73F50-827-00001871F01200D7 5 331504330.54979997873306274414 0 0 332045158.09114897251129150391 332045159.09114897251129150391 0 0 0 0 0 0 -contralateral hemiplegia -contralateral posterior column sensory loss -ipsilateral tongue weakness 5 0 0 medial medullar infarction syndrome -contralateral posterior column sensory loss (medial lemniscus deficit where it crosses to anterior brainstem in medulla) -ipsilateral tongue weakness (CN 12 palsy. XII passes from posterior to anterior in medial medulla) D272395D-8784-4867-87E7-FCE282A541B5-827-00001871F2A6AA71 5 331488826.30647599697113037109 0 0 332045158.08376300334930419922 332045158.08376300334930419922 0 0 0 0 0 0 where is the lesion? unilateral foveal vision with large field cuts 5 0 0 end stage glaucoma 1F7901BD-36AF-4D8D-AE0A-341BB40B66B5-827-00001871F235FD6C 5 331951328.87773698568344116211 0 0 332045158.09370297193527221680 332045158.09370297193527221680 0 0 0 0 0 0 generic name: phenytoin (brand name) -major use -major adverse effects 5 0 0 dilantin -AED (partial sz) -gingival hyperplasia, coarsening of facial features, ataxia A5DE0E8C-2AB1-43CE-84D2-3ECF061684F2-827-00001871F2C8454F 5 331429115.67097300291061401367 0 0 332045158.06812000274658203125 332045158.06812000274658203125 0 0 0 0 0 0 syndrome 2: pure motor weakness without other signs due to stroke. localization? 5 0 0 lacunar syndrome 2. weakness contralateral to lesion. in internal capsule, corona radiata, or pons. 550BFD3B-7D06-4062-BA5B-FDF0953C4B5E-827-00001871F1474AC9 5 331428525.99145901203155517578 0 0 332045158.06160002946853637695 332045159.06160002946853637695 0 0 0 0 0 0 abulia 5 0 0 decreased spontaneous movement and speech, long latency to respond to verbal and other stiumuli, and impersistence in responding or in tasks. worse than apathy, not as bad as akinetic mutism. 61D03E20-E8CC-4BC6-AED3-A83E42C096CD-827-00001871F0E39CD5 5 331418792.60257500410079956055 0 0 332045158.04932498931884765625 332045159.04932498931884765625 0 0 0 0 0 0 CN Function CN 10 5 0 0 -visceral autonomic -tastes (epiglottis) -talks/lifts palette -swallows (so does 9) 7630C9F2-8153-4FEC-B051-BDDFD9B642A3-827-00001871F02878FA 5 332006200.89631098508834838867 0 0 332045158.10696500539779663086 332045158.10696500539779663086 0 0 0 0 0 0 triceps 5 0 0 C6,7 (8) 63484F26-88CF-4B35-949E-C022437699C8-827-00001871F3980152 5 331419204.78108501434326171875 0 0 332045158.05309098958969116211 332045159.05309098958969116211 0 0 0 0 0 0 describe pathway: 5 0 0 B1A8747E-BE3B-452F-87BD-8E6CABFF9851-827-00001871F061F290 5 332044594.89555197954177856445 0 0 332045158.11468797922134399414 332045159.11468797922134399414 0 0 0 0 0 0 central herniation syndrome vestibulocular reflexes? 5 0 0 present/NL-> absent/abduction only-> absent 4959A700-0791-490F-88E4-03DEFA7AD951-827-00001871F40D11AD 5 331952119.22929602861404418945 0 0 332045158.10293698310852050781 332045159.10293698310852050781 0 0 0 0 0 0 status epilepticus initial eval/Tx 5 0 0 stabilize/evaluate/empiric therapy/first-line AED/2nd, 3rd line... -ABCs, pt on side, protect, etc. -evaluate, fingerstick, IV, labs -IV thiamine, D50 -ativan 0.1mg/kg -(fos)phenytoin if sz continues -intubate, phenobarb if sz continues -induce coma if sz continues 4E7EAD81-D786-4BEA-95A5-EE4C8B4FC1D0-827-00001871F35514A9 5 331418847.02658098936080932617 0 0 332045158.05006700754165649414 332045159.05006700754165649414 0 0 0 0 0 0 CN Function CN 12 5 0 0 moves tongue 304CA937-7CED-4C88-9612-7DD26506F461-827-00001871F033CFC0 5 332044622.65553700923919677734 0 0 332045158.11551600694656372070 332045159.11551600694656372070 0 0 0 0 0 0 central herniation syndrome motor? 5 0 0 localiz noxious stimuli-> decorticate-> decerebrate-> no movement or triple flexion response-> absent 788C31B9-D2DF-4E51-80B9-24F5BBF3322C-827-00001871F419A878 5 331428465.02329397201538085938 0 0 332045158.06085902452468872070 332045158.06085902452468872070 0 0 0 0 0 0 prosopagnosia (face visual agnosia)/no gaze dev/no motor loss/variable left numbness or pain/left homonymous hemianopia 5 0 0 describe the infarct syndrome: cognition/gaze/motor/ sensory/vision RIGHT PCA BF70D672-45E1-46E2-BE8C-493BDA596E7D-827-00001871F0D87C56 5 331428779.72207099199295043945 0 0 332045158.06456297636032104492 332045159.06456297636032104492 0 0 0 0 0 0 anosognosia 5 0 0 denial or lack of awareness of illness 232EB2E1-5026-47A6-A8FD-64C4960312DA-827-00001871F110FB85 5 331486886.33433699607849121094 0 0 332045158.07854402065277099609 332045158.07854402065277099609 0 0 0 0 0 0 cranial nerves in the medulla 5 0 0 9,10, 11, 12 11 comes up from the cervical cord, through the foramen magnum, exits through jugular foramen with cn 10. 23D614C3-F7D0-4693-AC6B-2B2337CA3E3A-827-00001871F1E65967 5 331428286.03935801982879638672 0 0 332045158.05788701772689819336 332045159.05788701772689819336 0 0 0 0 0 0 left hemispatial neglect and anosognosia/R gave dev/L hemiplegia/L hemisensory loss/L homonymous hemianopia 5 0 0 describe the infarct syndrome: cognition/gaze/motor/ sensory/vision TOTAL RIGHT MCA 18C03539-69AF-45F9-887A-78345FAC82D9-827-00001871F0AB1DEE 5 331418860.08249902725219726562 0 0 332045158.05085402727127075195 332045158.05085402727127075195 0 0 0 0 0 0 upper motor defect -type of paralysis -atrophy? -fascilculations/fibrilations? -reflexia? -babinski? 5 0 0 spastic paralysis no muscle atrophy no fasc/fibril. hyperreflexia babinski can be present 9040C669-479D-4617-9BB4-D415E62E643B-827-00001871F03F0AE5 5 331951835.27874499559402465820 0 0 332045158.09888201951980590820 332045159.09888201951980590820 0 0 0 0 0 0 generic name: topiramate (brand name) -major use -major adverse effects 5 0 0 topamax -AED (partial/general) -word-finding difficulty, renal stones, weight loss C9992E2B-9D96-492C-8C1D-2F4062BD7876-827-00001871F31CB091 5 331486717.08098399639129638672 0 0 332045158.07634502649307250977 332045159.07634502649307250977 0 0 0 0 0 0 cranial nerves that exit above midbrain: 5 0 0 cn 1,2 C8DBA279-90CB-4B8A-ABD0-69228B0D6301-827-00001871F1C4BB7B 5 331485727.53670102357864379883 0 0 332045158.07405900955200195312 332045159.07405900955200195312 0 0 0 0 0 0 prefixes: mono/para/quadra/hemi roots: paresis/plegia 5 0 0 mono: single limb para: both legs quadra: all limbs hemi: one side paresis: partial motor loss plegia: paralysis 0D181E88-B2FD-4EDF-92D6-EBBB7D540237-827-00001871F1A1D2DF 5 332006173.78433102369308471680 0 0 332045158.10548502206802368164 332045158.10548502206802368164 0 0 0 0 0 0 brachioradialis 5 0 0 C5,6 E43D0F93-B586-454D-9B92-F83B1A496404-827-00001871F3815EEA 5 331487120.77782797813415527344 0 0 332045158.08006101846694946289 332045159.08006101846694946289 0 0 0 0 0 0 where is the lesion? central scotoma both eyes 5 0 0 posterior tip of occipital lobe 3659C292-3AD9-4329-BD67-5C1E90178BD2-827-00001871F1FD7A5C 5 331428795.65813499689102172852 0 0 332045158.06585198640823364258 332045158.06585198640823364258 0 0 0 0 0 0 aphasia 5 0 0 abnormity of language 660D64EC-0BC7-4107-9403-AF83BB17B103-827-00001871F11CC33D 5 331428859.68854099512100219727 0 0 332045158.06735700368881225586 332045159.06735700368881225586 0 0 0 0 0 0 syndrome 1: pure sensory loss without other signs due to stroke. localizes to: 5 0 0 lacunar syndrome 1. localizes to contralateral thalamus. no other cortical signs. BC8C4216-8E61-47E4-9897-98F7FC1D13F9-827-00001871F13B9ECB 5 331504137.11939400434494018555 0 0 332045158.08965599536895751953 332045159.08965599536895751953 0 0 0 0 0 0 diabetic third nerve 5 0 0 065C0670-2B01-4D0B-877C-CB6624ACE66F-827-00001871F28FCBD6 5 331428554.48735100030899047852 0 0 332045158.06234300136566162109 332045159.06234300136566162109 0 0 0 0 0 0 agnosia 5 0 0 loss of ability to recognize objects, persons, sounds, shapes, smells without significant memory loss. B2978CC5-D98A-4628-A080-48521C554672-827-00001871F0EF1329 5 331429218.56713598966598510742 0 0 332045158.06958502531051635742 332045159.06958502531051635742 0 0 0 0 0 0 syndrome 4: ataxic hemiparesis. localization? 5 0 0 lacunar syndrome 4. ataxia out of proportion to weakness contrlateral to the infarct. localizes to internal capsule, corona radiata, or pons. F9FB9C80-D940-4A54-823C-7F0E2C476490-827-00001871F15DA431 5 331487140.29780799150466918945 0 0 332045158.08081197738647460938 332045159.08081197738647460938 0 0 0 0 0 0 where is the lesion? unilateral central scotoma 5 0 0 retinal damage. macular degeneration vs optic neuritis (as in MS) 43B1409F-10ED-49C3-BD50-27C879573956-827-00001871F208F020 5 331504142.76730698347091674805 0 0 332045158.09038501977920532227 332045159.09038501977920532227 0 0 0 0 0 0 third nerve palsy 5 0 0 -motor deficit in MR/SR/IR and IO -deficit in superior levator palpebrae (upper lid ptosis) -diplopia (2/2 motor deficit) -middilated pupil, poorly reactive (more obvious with bright light to constrict contralat pupil) 107C8CAA-2526-4260-868D-06C0341FB72B-827-00001871F29B0DF5 5 331418974.78905099630355834961 0 0 332045158.05161297321319580078 332045159.05161297321319580078 0 0 0 0 0 0 lower motor defect -type of paralysis -atrophy? -fascilculations/fibrilations? -reflexia? -babinski? 5 0 0 flacid paralysis atrophic muscle fasciculations/fibrillation present hypo/areflexia no babinski 943AAD53-4E31-477A-BD19-65E5492188FD-827-00001871F04B432F 5 331428381.34331399202346801758 0 0 332045158.05937200784683227539 332045159.05937200784683227539 0 0 0 0 0 0 abulia, motor neglect/no gaze dev/L leg weakness/L leg numbness/nl vision 5 0 0 describe the infarct syndrome: cognition/gaze/motor/ sensory/vision RIGHT ACA 2A87AA66-9959-481C-8B4D-0D2E70BDA3D0-827-00001871F0C1CA17 5 331488613.09033602476119995117 0 0 332045158.08154600858688354492 332045158.08154600858688354492 0 0 0 0 0 0 where is the lesion? homonymous hemianopia 5 0 0 optic tract or optic radiations or occipital lesion contralaterally. 2C1639E8-8BFB-4B9C-B32F-AC8F09B6D9EB-827-00001871F2142311 5 331488798.12242501974105834961 0 0 332045158.08302301168441772461 332045158.08302301168441772461 0 0 0 0 0 0 where is the lesion? unilateral blindness (blind eye) 5 0 0 ipsilateral optic nerve or eye pathology FEDE5BE6-90CC-41FB-9580-A588B3B4891C-827-00001871F22AABD7 5 331418620.92878699302673339844 0 0 332045158.04710900783538818359 332045159.04710900783538818359 0 0 0 0 0 0 CN Function CN 6 5 0 0 lateral rectus A993A453-777A-4CD3-9D01-34A7F727A833-827-00001871F0069612 5 332006013.23137199878692626953 0 0 332045158.10401499271392822266 332045159.10401499271392822266 0 0 0 0 0 0 achilles tendon 5 0 0 S1 (S2) 01229225-4520-4077-9A18-6536EF172792-827-00001871F365D44D 5 332006164.82453399896621704102 0 0 332045158.10474902391433715820 332045158.10474902391433715820 0 0 0 0 0 0 patellar 5 0 0 L2,3,4 702AC6D6-0AA5-4429-88B3-70033330C512-827-00001871F3763837 5 331428415.10333502292633056641 0 0 332045158.06011897325515747070 332045158.06011897325515747070 0 0 0 0 0 0 alexia without agraphia, transcortical sensory aphasia, visual agnosia/no gaze dev/no motor loss/variable R numbness or pain/R homonymous hemianopia 5 0 0 describe the infarct syndrome: cognition/gaze/motor/ sensory/vision LEFT PCA B32381A3-A94E-48B8-9B26-9CF144088178-827-00001871F0CD204D 5 332006234.78591299057006835938 0 0 332045158.10843598842620849609 332045158.10843598842620849609 0 0 0 0 0 0 lower abdominal 5 0 0 T10,11,12 DE1817E9-9F49-4851-8411-D3FC74246E1B-827-00001871F3AE7B8D 5 331418115.25150597095489501953 0 0 332045158.04467397928237915039 332045158.04467397928237915039 0 0 0 0 0 0 CN Function CN 3 5 0 0 MR, SR, IR inferior oblique () levator palpebrae pupil constriction pupil dilation accomodation B9A20F76-4C36-475B-A512-7E3936C110B0-827-00001871EFD6E87A 5 331488704.06632298231124877930 0 0 332045158.08228397369384765625 332045159.08228397369384765625 0 0 0 0 0 0 where is the lesion? superior lateral quadrantanopia 5 0 0 inferior contralateral optic radiations or occipital lobe. note: the more posterior the lesion, the more it will localize to the foveal area. peripheral vision could be preserved in a small occipital pole lesion. D26C5D48-AE05-4BBE-A3D0-26D1AAA01CE1-827-00001871F21F62A0 5 331485995.41280800104141235352 0 0 332045158.07480698823928833008 332045158.07480698823928833008 0 0 0 0 0 0 unilateral central lesion: forehead and lower face paresis? 5 0 0 unilateral central lesion: no forehead involvement because central radiations to both sides. contralateral lower face involvement. 156A75AB-4200-4D67-BAE7-71ABEF2E694F-827-00001871F1AD1467 5 331428078.47127497196197509766 0 0 332045158.05382800102233886719 332045159.05382800102233886719 0 0 0 0 0 0 describe pathway: proprioception/stereognosis/vibration 5 0 0 654D97C8-9A97-441B-BB8C-BB78F6C6469F-827-00001871F06D3442 5 332006212.35235399007797241211 0 0 332045158.10768902301788330078 332045159.10768902301788330078 0 0 0 0 0 0 upper abdominal 5 0 0 T8,9,10 C76D3EC3-03DE-4B6E-8E9D-46C7B532BC37-827-00001871F3A31968 5 331491562.53452199697494506836 0 0 332045158.08596998453140258789 332045159.08596998453140258789 0 0 0 0 0 0 gaze deviation mechanism 5 0 0 lateral gaze center activates ipsilateral LR and contralateral MR via crossing MLF. PPRF or gaze center is innervated by contralateral conrtex. lateral gaze center is on the side of the body to which you gaze. ie: gazing to R requires R lateral gaze center. with L sided lesion to cortex, R gaze center has defecit, so R LR and L MR have defecit. so eyeballs lose R-gazing tone, so they gaze deviate to left. "l;ook to the lesion" B16F9632-9C04-4A7D-9DA8-C624F4B069AE-827-00001871F257825E 5 331951800.52674502134323120117 0 0 332045158.09815299510955810547 332045159.09815299510955810547 0 0 0 0 0 0 generic name: lamotrigine (brand name) -major use -major adverse effects 5 0 0 lamictal -AED (partial/general) -rash, stevens-johnson syndrome 9F1CE873-A450-42AE-8B3B-5E5B93A3E567-827-00001871F3118E7F 5 1 331952109.68330901861190795898 0 random neuro stuff 100 0 0 7A155B73-D410-4718-93D0-FD6DE64554B1-827-00001871F35B3C94 0 0 0 0 5 0 5 331428139.44721001386642456055 0 0 332045158.05715698003768920898 332045158.05715698003768920898 0 0 0 0 0 0 global aphasia/left gaze deviation/R hemiplegia/R hemisensory loss/R homonymous hemianopia 5 0 0 describe the infarct syndrome: cognition/gaze/motor/ sensory/vision TOTAL LEFT MCA 6FC87E5A-06A4-40D0-AF5D-B6997B1C2D38-827-00001871F09A7424 5 331951715.63871598243713378906 0 0 332045158.09667098522186279297 332045159.09667098522186279297 0 0 0 0 0 0 generic name: ethosuximide (brand name) -major use -major adverse effects 5 0 0 zarontin -AED (absence) -GI s/s CDA82706-9A5B-4D9C-AA62-26D433CA13F2-827-00001871F2FAC0E1 5 331429724.03858798742294311523 0 0 332045158.07331097126007080078 332045159.07331097126007080078 0 0 0 0 0 0 no face involvement. spastic quadriparesis (cervical) or paraparesis (thoracic). sensory level. difficulty with gait/walking. urinary incontinence. localizes to? 5 0 0 spinal cord A8E6CD28-A5B1-4999-8002-628B08FB49DA-827-00001871F196401D 5 331418312.81922197341918945312 0 0 332045158.04543101787567138672 332045159.04543101787567138672 0 0 0 0 0 0 CN Function CN 3 autonomic functions 5 0 0 sympathetic- ciliary muscles (radial), levator palpebrae parasympathetic- pupillary sphincter and accomodation (lens becomes more convex to focus closer with parasymp input) CEF40DE1-DAD4-48AD-890E-817DEDC15803-827-00001871EFECED0A 5 331504505.77464699745178222656 0 0 332045158.09187698364257812500 332045158.09187698364257812500 0 0 0 0 0 0 horner's syndrome pathway 5 0 0 hypothalamus --> C8/T2 --> sympathetic trunk --> through brachial plexus --> over lung apex --> to superior cervical ganglion near carotid body --> within adventitia of internal carotid --> cavernous sinus --> by CN 6 --> joins V1 --> innervates iris dilator and muller's muscle 2DB0AF73-5EB7-418E-949B-E450664F84BC-827-00001871F2B1CD3E 5 1 331951308.34429800510406494141 0 AEDs and neuro drugs 100 0 0 B527E3C1-FBE0-4E8B-9C8C-AC60D7D20166-827-00001871F2CE54E2 0 0 0 0 5 0 5 331492228.92757701873779296875 0 0 332045158.08745598793029785156 332045159.08745598793029785156 0 0 0 0 0 0 pupillary constriction and paralysis of vertical gaze 5 0 0 parinaud's syndrome following lesions close to the superior colliculus. F8CD771E-5EFF-4B7A-B9CB-6B01C68F0414-827-00001871F26E573F 5 331428773.64988499879837036133 0 0 332045158.06382298469543457031 332045159.06382298469543457031 0 0 0 0 0 0 alexia 5 0 0 inability to read 365A08AB-9501-472B-9F32-3F06172C9A0A-827-00001871F105B8E8 5 331486858.55844599008560180664 0 0 332045158.07781100273132324219 332045158.07781100273132324219 0 0 0 0 0 0 cranial nerves in the pons 5 0 0 5,6,7,8 620E5BFC-EC03-4956-8040-F15C322E491D-827-00001871F1DB2A80 5 331429263.05514001846313476562 0 0 332045158.07031697034835815430 332045159.07031697034835815430 0 0 0 0 0 0 differential weakness of limbs/face. sensory symptoms. language/visual/attentional alterations. fractionated weakness (eg arm greater tha leg), aphasia, hemianopia, hemineglect, cortical and primary sensory loss, cognitive dysfunction. localizes to? 5 0 0 cortex 5297536B-8C9A-4FCC-BA88-2EBCF1C215EE-827-00001871F168CDDA 5 331951882.10279297828674316406 0 0 332045158.09962600469589233398 332045158.09962600469589233398 0 0 0 0 0 0 generic name: tiagabine (brand name) -major use -major adverse effects 5 0 0 gabitril -AED (partial) -sedation E2ABFCEA-A9FE-4A8B-8C7C-44EBFDE5DF9B-827-00001871F3280C46 5 331492274.87166601419448852539 0 0 332045158.08819097280502319336 332045158.08819097280502319336 0 0 0 0 0 0 HA / neckpain ipsilateral horner's syndrome ipsilat vision loss ICA stroke s/s contralateral sensory/motor defecit 5 0 0 carotid artery dissection s/s 4C3DE3D0-F3B1-4589-B032-324150CF9491-827-00001871F27989CF 5 331418413.75705498456954956055 0 0 332045158.04622799158096313477 332045159.04622799158096313477 0 0 0 0 0 0 CN Function CN4 5 0 0 trochlear nerve superior oblique (looks down and out) 05493A76-0EA9-4050-B056-FC0C1B4B7469-827-00001871EFF8F70A 5 332006249.45632797479629516602 0 0 332045158.10916101932525634766 332045158.10916101932525634766 0 0 0 0 0 0 plantar response 5 0 0 L5, S1 B793A14E-97B7-4DA0-8C95-83D41B025D63-827-00001871F3B98D2D 5 331951916.25479698181152343750 0 0 332045158.10037302970886230469 332045158.10037302970886230469 0 0 0 0 0 0 generic name: levetiracetam (brand name) -major use -major adverse effects 5 0 0 keppra -AED (partial/general) -insomnia, anxiety, irritability, psychiatric changes, depression, etc 919DBAA1-98DF-4C62-8F0B-06C80D5CD546-827-00001871F33375D8 5 331429494.84336102008819580078 0 0 332045158.07108098268508911133 332045159.07108098268508911133 0 0 0 0 0 0 differential weakness of limbs nad face. fractionated weakness, primary sensory loss. localizes to? 5 0 0 corona radiata 17809836-93BC-4917-88E5-764672DC9B00-827-00001871F174561C 5 331951744.98283201456069946289 0 0 332045158.09741497039794921875 332045158.09741497039794921875 0 0 0 0 0 0 generic name: gabapentin (brand name) -major use -major adverse effects 5 0 0 neurontin -AED (partial), neuropathic pain -sedation, ataxia DA0170CA-73EC-45D6-A0DD-C189B6846403-827-00001871F306514A 5 332007961.38889199495315551758 0 0 332045158.11212998628616333008 332045158.11212998628616333008 0 0 0 0 0 0 ptosis. horner's vs CN III palsy 5 0 0 horner's: muller's muscle. weak accessory resulting in subtle ptosis. III palsy: levator palpebrae. less subtle. 14B6320C-4C5B-440B-B246-87E7CA510973-827-00001871F3E6D089 5 331486828.88637000322341918945 0 0 332045158.07708597183227539062 332045158.07708597183227539062 0 0 0 0 0 0 cranial nerves in the midbrain 5 0 0 cn 3,4 (5 has some fibers in there too) 5DD70B2D-827C-4275-B45F-92C2CEA171C3-827-00001871F1D0152A 5